RECOMMENDED STARTING CUTTING SPEEDS | TURNING
Recommended Starting Speeds v c (ft/min)
Brinell Hardness HB
Rockwell Hardness HRC
Tensile Strength MPa
K315
K325
G625
ISO Material Group
Workpiece Material
f n (inch/rev) f n (inch/rev) .004 .008 .016 .004 .012 .020 .004 .008 .012 f n (inch/rev)
Gray Cast Iron Ex. Class 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, G1800, G3000, G3500, G4000
K1
120-290 <32 125-500 1800 1180 885 1540 885 655 625 425 360
Ductile Cast Irons (Nodular Irons) and Compacted Graphite Irons (CGI) Ex. 60-40-18, 65-45-12, 80-55-06, SAE J434: D4018, D4512, D5506 High-Strength Ductile Irons and Austempered Ductile Irons (ADI) Ex. ASTM A536: 100-70-03, 120-90-02, SAE J434: D7003
K Cast Iron
K2
130-260 <28 <600 1215 885 690 885 655 490 525 380 330
K3
180-350 <43
>600 885 690 560 655 490 400 425 360 300
Recommended Starting Speeds v c (ft/min)
Brinell Hardness HB
Rockwell Hardness HRC
Tensile Strength MPa
N425
NA425
ISO Material Group
Workpiece Material
f n (inch/rev) f n (inch/rev) .004 .008 .016 .004 .008 .016
Wrought Aluminum Ex. 1000, 2017, 2025, 5050, 7050
N1
60-90
<520 6900 5400 3600 6900 5400 3600
Low-Silicon Aluminum Alloys (Si < 12.2%) Ex. 2024, 6061, 7075
N2
70-100
<350 1640 985 655 1640 985 655
N Non- Ferrous
High-Silicon Aluminum Alloys (Si > 12.2%)
N3
60-120
200-320 985 655 400 985 655 400
Copper and Copper Alloys Ex. C81500
N4
60-200
200-650 1280 1050 885 1280 1050 885
Recommended Starting Speeds v c (ft/min)
Brinell Hardness HB
Rockwell Hardness HRC
Tensile Strength MPa
S515 f n (inch/rev) .004 .008 .012
ISO Material Group
Workpiece Material
Iron-Based Heat-Resistant Alloys Ex. A286, A608, INCOLOY 800 Series, N-155, Haynes 556, Discaloy
S1
160-260 25-48 500-1200 330 280 230
Cobalt-Based Heat-Resistant Alloys Ex. Haynes 25 (L605), Haynes 188, Stellite, MAR-M302, MAR-M509
S2
250-450 25-48 1000-1450 260 215 165
S High Temp Alloys
Nickel-Based Heat-Resistant Alloys
S3
160-450 <48 600-1700 200 150 115
Ex. Astroloy, Hastelloy X, INCONEL 600 and 700 Series, Waspalloy
Titanium and Titanium Alloys Ex. Commercially Pure Ti, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Zr-4Mo
S4
300-400 33-48 900-1600 -
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